Record No. 7448, Sepulchral inscription". Hispania Epigraphica Online Database . Retrieved 19 January 2016.

McDonald, J. D. (2005). "Y Haplogroups of the World" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2004 . Retrieved 19 January 2016. De Borja, Marciano R. (2005). Basques in the Philippines. Reno: University of Nevada Press. ISBN 978-0-87417-891-3. OCLC 607715621. hispano". Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish). Real Academia Española . Retrieved 9 November 2016. Pre-Roman Peoples and Languages of Iberia: An ethnological map of the Iberian Peninsula after the 2nd Punic War" (PDF). Campo Arqueológico de Tavira. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2016 . Retrieved 19 January 2016. In general, "Latino" is understood as shorthand for the Spanish word latinoamericano (or the Portuguese latino-americano) and refers to (almost) anyone born in or with ancestors from Latin America and living in the U.S., including Brazilians. "Latino" does not include speakers of Romance languages from Europe, such as Italians or Spaniards, and some people have (tenuously) argued that it excludes Spanish speakers from the Caribbean. Although people from French Guiana are sometimes accepted as Latino since French shares linguistic roots with Spanish and Portuguese, there is much debate about whether people from English-speaking Belize and Guyana and Dutch-speaking Suriname truly fit under the category since their cultures and histories are so distinct.Brown, who represented East Los Angeles and a large portion of the San Gabriel Valley—both heavily populated by members of the Hispanic and Latinx communities—wanted to recognize the role played by those communities throughout American history.

Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "Language Spoken At Home: 2010 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". American FactFinder. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020 . Retrieved 19 January 2016.The major ethnic group of the Western Sahara are the Sahrawis, a nomadic or Bedouin group speaking Arabic. In 1988, Senator Paul Simon (D-Illinois), submitted a similar bill that successfully passed Congress and was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on August 17, 1988. And on September 14, 1989, President George H.W. Bush (who had been a sponsor of the original Hispanic Heritage Week resolution while serving in the House in 1968) became the first president to declare the 31-day period from September 15 to October 15 as National Hispanic Heritage Month. From boxes on census forms to drop-down menus on job applications, we often see Hispanic and Latino positioned side by side, seemingly as interchangeable terms to describe the race and heritage of a population that makes up nearly 20% of the United States.

Manifesto advocating for the creation of an independent authority for health practices and policies. Available at: https://www.diariofarma.com/2020/12/13/trecientos-expertos-reclaman-la-inmediata-creacion-del-hispanice. Accessed 9 Mar 2021. The activists were successful. In the mid-70s, a young Mexican-American government worker, Grace Flores-Hughes, and a diverse group of Spanish-speaking federal employees were tasked with selecting a word for a new federally defined heritage category for the 1980 US census. Their goal was to find a single term that encompassed the burgeoning Mexican, Cuban, and Puerto Rican populations in US states. After much deliberation, they landed on Hispanic. Although colloquially and literally the expression "King of Spain" or "King of the Spains" was already widespread, [29] it did not refer to a unified nation-state. It was only in the constitution of 1812 that was adopted the name Españas (Spains) for the Spanish nation and the use of the title of "king of the Spains". [30] The constitution of 1876 adopts for the first time the name "Spain" for the Spanish nation and from then on the kings would use the title of "king of Spain". [31] There are also Spanish-speaking Jews, most of whom are the descendants of Ashkenazi Jews who migrated from Europe (German Jews, Russian Jews, Polish Jews, etc.) to Hispanic America, particularly Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, and Cuba (Argentina is host to the third-largest Jewish population in the Western Hemisphere, after the United States and Canada) [111] [112] in the 19th century and following World War II. Many Spanish-speaking Jews also originate from the small communities of reconverted descendants of anusim—those whose Spanish Sephardi Jewish ancestors long ago hid their Jewish ancestry and beliefs in fear of persecution by the Spanish Inquisition in the Iberian Peninsula and Ibero-America. The Spanish Inquisition led to many forced conversions of Spanish Jews.Europe:: Spain — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov . Retrieved 10 December 2020. See also: Ethnic groups in the United States, History of Hispanic and Latino Americans, Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, and Hispanic and Latino (ethnic categories)