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For a test whose entire point is determining best dynamic range the obvious first thing to figure out is the actual base ISO of the camera in question and test at that point. This is where the a7s really out performs all the other cameras I have, since it enables me to accurately focus on stars that I cannot see with my eyes in the sky with heavy light pollution.
With a push of a programmed button I can magnify the field of view to such a degree that the slightest touch of the focusing knob makes the faintest stars appear, and another touch they disappear. I don't pretend to have the correct answer but my post needs to be understood as a loose idea, hence I said "believe". Well, in my opinion, the a7s is your camera of choice if you don’t push and pull your files in post much and you want to be comfortable shooting at high ISO situations.
Exmor R BSI CMOS sensor and updated BIONZ XR image processor offer faster performance, improved noise reduction, and a wider dynamic range, along with UHD 4K 120p video recording and internal 10-bit 4:2:2 sampling. The lack of an internal fan allows the camera body to stay small and with a shift around in buttons and functionality, the A7S III is a much more comfortable fit when being held for long periods of time. You're not going to get more DR out of the camera than what the Raw file provides at base ISO, which has been measured to be ~13EV by DXO. A wide, fast and reliable hybrid 759-point AF covers 93% of the image sensor and uses 425 contrast AF points. But I can't imagine that's a big enough problem that you should always try to focus at/near the selected aperture, especially since DOF increases as you stop down anyway, masking focus shift.
The higher exposure latitude or dynamic range possible will be available while utilizing the image sensors at their native base setting. The A7S, by a long shot, takes more beautiful photos then any FF canera I have ever used before except the M9 and M240. I've never been a big worrier about dpr award colours but there is a rather obvious discrepancy here - are we to see other average cameras with niche features also getting golds? If the "Best" low light camera marginally edges other excellent cameras in the usable iso range holding you back in pixel count and AF performance it is a niche application, sorry. Camera technical details can get complicated quickly, but we all need a place to start before diving into the deep end.
To the best of my knowledge native (or base) ISO of a sensor is the ISO you get when you measure clipping of the sensor. Canon has subsequently upped its game with the EOS 5D Mark III and the lessons it's learning from the development of its Cinema EOS line, but in general video is promoted much better than it's supported.
We've assembled a few of our favorite articles, tutorials, explainers, and guides to help beginners get started with photography and level up to advanced concepts. I invite you to read my review of the A7/A7r first, then come back here to read about what’s different with the A7s model. Yes, in fact I think this all comes down to a matter of semantics, and folks in the video world using 'base ISO' or 'native ISO' in a different sense than those in the stills imaging world.
If you’re a photographer switching from another brand, such as Nikon or Canon, then you may be more into the Mark 2 version of this camera instead ( Sony a7S II).
I would say that for 3) I would say it is not 51200 but 12800 for all but the 1Dx and D4s and 25600 for those two. I thought you were interested in the aperture staying wide open, but you're more interested in a usable preview even when your exposure is set such that sans flash, you'd get a dark exposure. Had we shot a proper dynamic range test using ETTR methodology with the a7S at ISO 3200 and the a7R at ISO 100, the a7S would do even worse than it did in our shootout of the cameras at ISO 100.If you’re not wanting to rid of your Nikon and Canon glass and want to use on your Sony camera, then it will be more beneficial with the bodies with IS built in. I tend to believe the proper ISO Baseline for the 7S is 400 which makes sense given its larger pixels. However, when Canon decide to release DR that supasses sony's ones, i will invest a full body DSLR again for landscape work. It is packed with updated features that extend the user experience beyond anything we’ve seen before.
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