It's Pumpkin Day, Mouse! (If You Give...)

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Second, the combination of other vitamins and minerals in pumpkin may protect against age-related macular degeneration. Abenaki Heritage Garden" (PDF). USDA NRCS. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 9, 2017 . Retrieved December 4, 2022.

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Košťálová, Zuzana; Hromádková, Zdenka; Ebringerová, Anna (August 2009). "Chemical Evaluation of Seeded Fruit Biomass of Oil Pumpkin ( Cucurbita pepo L. var. Styriaca)". Chemical Papers. 63 (4): 406–413. doi: 10.2478/s11696-009-0035-5. S2CID 97993637. Pumpkins produce both a male and female flower, with fertilization usually performed by bees. [22] In America, pumpkins have historically been pollinated by the native squash bee, Peponapis pruinosa, but that bee has declined, probably partly due to pesticide ( imidacloprid) sensitivity. [23] Ground-based bees, such as squash bees and the eastern bumblebee, are better suited to manage the larger pollen particles that pumpkins create. [24] [25] One hive per acre (0.4 hectares, or five hives per 2 hectares) is recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. If there are inadequate bees for pollination, gardeners may have to hand pollinate. Inadequately pollinated pumpkins usually start growing but fail to develop. The oldest evidence of Cucurbita pepo are pumpkin fragments found in Mexico that are dated between 7,000 and 5,500BC. [19] Pumpkins and other squash species, alongside maize and beans, feature in the Three Sisters method of companion planting practiced by many North American indigenous societies. [20] However, larger modern pumpkin cultivars are typically excluded, as their weight may damage the other crops. [21] Within decades after Europeans began colonizing North America, illustrations of pumpkins similar to the modern cultivars Small Sugar pumpkin and Connecticut Field pumpkin were published in Europe. [13] Cultivation [ edit ] Earl Aronson (January 11, 1964). "The Weeders Guide". The Hartford Courant . Retrieved October 7, 2009.Plant a Three Sisters Garden: Corn, Beans, and Squash | The Old Farmer's Almanac". www.almanac.com. May 26, 2022 . Retrieved January 31, 2023. The antioxidants found in pumpkin are important for skin health. These include beta carotene and vitamins C and E. Pumpkin fruits are a type of berry known as a pepo. [13] Characteristics commonly used to define pumpkin include smooth and slightly ribbed skin [14] and deep yellow to orange color, [14] although white, green, and other pumpkin colors also exist. [15]

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Mt.Pleasant, Jane (November 10, 2016). "Food Yields and Nutrient Analyses of the Three Sisters: A Haudenosaunee Cropping System". Ethnobiology Letters. 7 (1): 87–98–87–98. doi: 10.14237/ebl.7.1.2016.721. ISSN 2159-8126. S2CID 67774658. Pumpkin season is in full swing, so make the most of classic orange pumpkins and smaller, flavoursome varieties alike with our delicious pumpkin recipes. Splittstoesser, W. E. (March 31, 1990). Vegetable Growing Handbook. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-442-23971-8. Canto-Aguilar, M.L.; Parra-Tabla, V. (2000). "Importance of Conserving Alternative Pollinators: Assessing the Pollination Efficiency of the Squash Bee, Peponapis limitaris in Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae)". Journal of Insect Conservation. 4 (3): 201–208. doi: 10.1023/A:1009685422587. S2CID 9891755. a b Cutler, Hugh C.; Whitaker, Thomas W. (1961). "History and Distribution of the Cultivated Cucurbits in the Americas". American Antiquity. 26 (4): 469–485. doi: 10.2307/278735. ISSN 0002-7316. JSTOR 278735. S2CID 161495351.The calabaza is a variety originating in Cuba and the West Indies. It is also cultivated in the Philippines and United States. [66]