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of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Lv S, Han M, Yi R, Kwon S, Dai C, Wang R. Anti−TNF−α therapy for patients with sepsis: a systematic meta−analysis. Int J Clin Pract. (2014) 68:520–8. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12382 As a smoking tobacco additive in some cigarette brands, for flavor, and to reduce throat and sinus irritation caused by smoking. Menthol also increases nicotine receptor density, [17] increasing the addictive potential of tobacco products. [18] [19]

Menthol - Wikipedia Menthol - Wikipedia

of Microbiology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia AAn, AAh, ME-D, and AH: execution of experiments, sample collection, and data handling and manuscript writing and revision. WA: design of the experiment, manuscript writing and revision, and funding source. WA and SA: histopathology and the immunohistochemistry studies and revision and approval of manuscript. ME-M and MA: critical manuscript revision, data analysis, and approval of final manuscript. AI: critical manuscript revision, data analysis, approval of final manuscript and funding. All authors listed have made a substantial, direct, and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. Funding As a simple monoterpene with remarkable biological properties, menthol possesses well-known cooling properties and a residual minty scent from the oil remnants. It is also known to exhibit biological activity in vitro and in vivo, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, antipruritic, anticancer, and antifungal effects. Multiple organ damage during the pathogenesis of sepsis results from the aggressive activation of the inflammatory and oxidative stress cascades and contributes to the high mortality rate characteristic of sepsis ( 9). In the current study, induction of experimental sepsis in rats induced acute lung and kidney injury and significant mortality. Our results show, for the first time, that menthol administration, 2-h after induction of sepsis, effectively enhanced the survival of septic rats and alleviated sepsis-induced lung and kidney tissue damage. menthol is potentially ergogenic (performance enhancing) for athletic performance in hot environments [22]When refilling ensure the plug is disconnected from the power supply and that the unit has been allowed to cool. Paraffin-embedded sections of the lung and kidney specimens were processed for the immunohistochemical study ( 45). Immunohistochemical staining was carried out for cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and TNF-α using rabbit monoclonal anti-caspase-3 (catalog number ab32042, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), rabbit polyclonal anti-Bcl-2 (catalog number ab194583, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), mouse monoclonal anti-PCNA (catalog number ab29, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), and rabbit monoclonal anti-TNF-α (catalog number EPR21753-109, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), respectively. To ensure the specificity of the antibody reaction, a control experiment was performed following the same steps, but without the addition of the primary antibody. Positive controls samples were human vascular endothelial cells for caspase-3, human lung cancer for Bcl-2, liver tissue for PCNA, and rat splenocytes for TNF-α. Image Capture Weiss YG, Bellin L, Kim PK, Andrejko KM, Haaxma CA, Raj N, et al. Compensatory hepatic regeneration after mild, but not fulminant, intraperitoneal sepsis in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. (2001) 280:G968–73. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.5.G968 Sastry KV, Moudgal RP, Mohan J, Tyagi JS, Rao GS. Spectrophotometric determination of serum nitrite and nitrate by copper-cadmium alloy. Anal Biochem. (2002) 306:79–82. doi: 10.1006/abio.2002.5676 Objective: Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major causes of mortality. Menthol is a natural compound that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions. Since exaggerated inflammatory and oxidative stress are characteristics of sepsis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of menthol against sepsis-induced mortality, ALI, and AKI.

Frontiers | The Severity of Acute Kidney and Lung Injuries

Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med. (2003) 348:1546–54. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022139 Therapeutic Goods Administration (1999). "Approved Terminology for Medicines" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2006 . Retrieved 29 June 2009.

In various patches ranging from fever-reducing patches applied to children's foreheads to "foot patches" to relieve numerous ailments (the latter being much more frequent and elaborate in Asia, especially Japan: some varieties use "functional protrusions", or small bumps to massage one's feet as well as soothing them and cooling them down). This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. ( October 2022)

Menthol Current Knowledge on the Vascular Effects of Menthol

Kumar A, Baitha U, Aggarwal P, Jamshed N. A fatal case of menthol poisoning. Int J App Basic Med Res 2016;6:137-9. Balsam tissues in regular are my favourites, as they are strong and the box is not too big, so I can put it nearly anywhere in the house. The mansize box is placed next to my bed, so DH and I can just have them out as and when we need it. I really do like the softness of the balm tissues but I do like the good size of the man size tissues.Overall: love the products, I have just right conditions to use them under and I definitely will buy again when one of the family is ill. In organic chemistry, menthol is used as a chiral auxiliary in asymmetric synthesis. For example, sulfinate esters made from sulfinyl chlorides and menthol can be used to make enantiomerically pure sulfoxides by reaction with organolithium reagents or Grignard reagents. Menthol reacts with chiral carboxylic acids to give diastereomic menthyl esters, which are useful for chiral resolution. The development of granulation tissue is the peculiarity of the proliferative phase. The proliferation of epithelial cells constitutes the new epidermis in a process named epithelialization. The contraction of myofibroblasts approximates the wound edges, reducing the wound area. Many kinds of cytokines and growth factors play an essential role in skin wound repair [ 5]. Hafez SMNA, Zenhom NM, Abdel-Hamid HA. Effects of platelet rich plasma on experimentally induced diabetic heart injury. Int Immunopharmacol. (2021) 96:107814. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107814

Tissue Regular Menthol 80 Sheets - Asset Pharmacy Tempo Tissue Regular Menthol 80 Sheets - Asset Pharmacy

In certain medications used to treat sunburns, as it provides a cooling sensation (then often associated with aloe).In the natural compound, the isopropyl group is in the trans orientation to both the methyl and hydroxyl groups. Thus, it can be drawn in any of the ways shown: In this study, we observed a decline of function in the lung and kidneys of septic rats. Higher serum creatinine of septic compared with non-septic animals and infiltration of protein and leukocytes in the BALF are indicators of kidney and lung injury, respectively, which correlates with the high mortality rate observed in the septic rats. The kidney and lungs of septic rats exhibited high levels of tissue damage upon histological examination, which further highlights the detrimental effects of sepsis on different organs. Interestingly, oral treatment with menthol (100 mg/Kg), 2 h after surgery, ameliorated the impaired kidney function and restored the level of proteins and leukocytes in the BALF of septic rats. Histopathological findings of the lung and kidney tissues supported the beneficial effects of menthol. Thus, menthol effectively domesticated the state of sepsis and successfully preserved organ functions. These ameliorative effects of menthol treatment improved the survival of the menthol-treated CLP group (40%) compared with the septic rats (0%) by the end of the 10-days observation period. Recent studies showed that menthol-containing herbal extracts protect the kidneys in chemotherapy- ( 48) and gentamicin-induced ( 49) nephrotoxicity. Others have shown that menthol inhibited pulmonary inflammation and epithelial remodeling when inhaled by asthmatic animals ( 50). Consistent with our findings, experimental induction of sepsis reduced the expression of PCNA in hepatocytes ( 72), and cardiomyocytes ( 73). In the current work, menthol preserved PCNA levels in the lung and kidneys of septic rats, which is in harmony with the observed reduction of activated caspase-3 expression. Experimental induction of severe sepsis reduced the expression of PCNA, which correlated with diminished hepatic tissue regenerative capacity ( 74). These findings ( 74), and ours, are further supported by the results of Abcejo et al. ( 72). Their results showed that PCNA expression inversely correlates with disease severity and mortality. Animals with severe sepsis displayed lower PCNA levels and higher mortality compared with those having a moderate phenotype ( 72). The CLP procedure adopted in our study represents a severe sepsis phenotype and shows a mortality profile comparable to the severe sepsis presented in the study by Abcejo et al. ( 72), which explains the decreased expression of PCNA observed in our untreated septic rats. Thus, the ability of menthol to preserve renal and pulmonary levels of PCNA, although partial, might provide further explanation for the enhanced survival of menthol-treated septic rats. However, whether this preservation of PCNA level is a consequence of the menthol-induced reduction of sepsis severity via reducing oxidative stress and inflammation or is a direct effect of menthol is yet to be answered. Nonetheless, preservation of PCNA levels in the lung and kidney of menthol-treated rats apparently contributes to lower organ damage and improves survival after CLP.